Orthodontics
Doctor of Clinical Dentistry (Orthodontics)
Course code and overview: EB002 (DClinDent), EF010 (Grad Dip), EG005 (Grad Cert)
The course provides the opportunity to develop skills and acquire knowledge essential for specialisation in orthodontics through a comprehensive curriculum of theoretical and clinical studies. Technique instruction is based on fixed appliance therapy, comprising Begg and Edgewise philosophies, including a self-ligating bracket technique. The program prepares students for work in a specialist practice in orthodontics or a specialist clinic in a hospital.
Admission
All applicants require a Bachelor of Dental Surgery or equivalent plus a minimum of two years general practice experience. If shortlisted, applicants are required to attend the university for an interview, written examination and assessment of clinical skills. The closing date for applications is 31 March for commencement in the following year.
Duration
The Doctor of Clinical Dentistry course requires three years full-time study. A Graduate Diploma and Graduate Certificate in Tooth Mechanics are available as exit awards only, after one year and one semester of full time study respectively.
Contact the course coordinator:
Professor Ali Darendeliler
Email: maria.apostol@sydney.edu.au
Units of study
| Unit of study | Credit points | A: Assumed knowledge P: Prerequisites C: Corequisites N: Prohibition | Session |
|---|---|---|---|
Units of study |
|||
| DENT5160 Orthodontics Clinical Training 1 |
6 | Semester 1 |
|
| DENT5161 Orthodontics Clinical Training 2 |
6 | Semester 1 |
|
| DENT5162 Introduction to Orthodontic Theory |
6 | Semester 1 |
|
| DENT6000 Research Methods in Dentistry |
6 | Semester 1 |
|
| DENT5163 Orthodontics Clinical Training 3 |
6 | P (DENT5160 and DENT5161) or DENT6226 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5164 Orthodontics Clinical Training 4 |
6 | P (DENT5160 and DENT5161) or DENT6226 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5165 Basic Orthodontic Theory |
6 | P DENT5162 or DENT6226 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT6010 Dental Research Studies 1 |
6 | P DENT6000 or DENT6126 or DENT6226 or DENT6276 or DENT6326 or DENT6382 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5166 Orthodontics Clinical Training 5 |
6 | P (DENT5163 and DENT5164) or DENT6227 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5167 Orthodontics Clinical Training 6 |
6 | P (DENT5163 and DENT5164) or DENT6227 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5168 Intermediate Orthodontic Theory |
6 | P DENT5165 or DENT6227 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT6011 Dental Research Studies 2 |
6 | P DENT6010 or DENT6127 or DENT6227 or DENT6277 or DENT6327 or DENT6386 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5169 Orthodontics Clinical Training 7 |
6 | P (DENT5166 and DENT5167) or DENT6228 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5170 Orthodontics Clinical Training 8 |
6 | P (DENT5166 and DENT5167) or DENT6228 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5171 Advanced Orthodontic Theory |
6 | P DENT5168 or DENT6228 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT6012 Dental Research Studies 3 |
6 | P DENT6011 or DENT6128 or DENT6228 or DENT6278 or DENT6328 or DENT6393 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5172 Orthodontics Clinical Training 9 |
6 | P (DENT5169 and DENT5170) or DENT6229 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5173 Orthodontics Clinical Training 10 |
6 | P (DENT5169 and DENT5170) or DENT6229 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5174 Comprehensive Orthodontic Theory 1 |
6 | P DENT5171 or DENT6229 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT6013 Dental Research Studies 4 |
6 | P DENT6012 or DENT6129 or DENT6229 or DENT6279 or DENT6329 or DENT6397 |
Semester 1 |
| DENT5175 Orthodontics Clinical Training 11 |
6 | P (DENT5172 and DENT5173) or DENT6230 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5176 Orthodontics Clinical Training 12 |
6 | P (DENT5172 and DENT5173) or DENT6230 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT5177 Comprehensive Orthodontic Theory 2 |
6 | P DENT5174 or DENT6230 |
Semester 2 |
| DENT6014 Dental Research Studies 5 |
6 | P DENT6013 or DENT6130 or DENT6230 or DENT6280 or DENT6330 or DENT6411 |
Semester 2 |
| Graduate Certificate students only take the first four Units of Study. | |||
| Graduate Diploma students only take the first eight Units of Study. | |||
Units of study
DENT5160 Orthodontics Clinical Training 1
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 4x7hr clinic training and 1x6hr workshop/wk. Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Cert Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit familiarises students with the important aspects of orthodontic clinical sequences and basic clinical skills. It runs for two months and covers both basic theoretical and clinical orthodontic skills that are essential prior to undertaking patient treatment. This unit has a preclinical focus: Typodont simulation to manage and observe orthodontic tooth movement and wire bending sessions to learn and practice hand bending of wires.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5161 Orthodontics Clinical Training 2
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 4x7hr clinic training and 1x6hr workshop/wk. Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Cert Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to further familiarise students with the important aspects of orthodontic treatment sequencing by typodont simulations and to also learn clinical set-up and basic clinical skills. Further typodont training is carried out where students manage and observe orthodontic tooth movement prior to patient management. Wire bending sessions allow the students to hand bend a variety of structures from the wire. Basic clinical set-up sessions aim to teach students to undertake very basic procedures clinically, including bracket bonding, removable appliances placement and bonded appliance cementation.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5162 Introduction to Orthodontic Theory
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Cert Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on fundamental orthodontic theory. The topics in this unit include the concept of growth and development, craniofacial anatomy and cephalometric analysis. Students are required to read and critically review the designated reading and present their views in the tutorials.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6000 Research Methods in Dentistry
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Dr Manish Arora Session: Semester 1 Classes: 1x2hr tutorial/week x 10weeks Assessment: examination (50%) and weekly assignment (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Cert Clin Dent, Grad Cert Clin Dent (Restorative), Grad Dip Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent (Restorative), M Phil.
This course is designed as an introduction to research methodology for those students undertaking postgraduate training at the Faculty of Dentistry. Subjects taught within this course are designed to provide fundamental skills in critical appraisal of scientific literature and also assist the student in planning their research project. The ability to critically evaluate journal articles is seen as an indispensable tool in the pursuit of clinical practice founded on Evidence-Based Dentistry.
All course material is provided on compact discs and through Blackboard (formerly WebCT) via the University of Sydney's website. A detailed series of notes, tutorial exercises and recorded mini-lectures are included in the study material. Students are required to complete one tutorial exercise/assignment each week. Weekly tutorial sessions are held at Westmead Hospital and Sydney Dental Hospital.
Topics covered include epidemiologic study design, measures of disease frequency and association, as well as confounding, bias and measurement error. Considerable attention is paid to critical appraisal of journal articles. An introduction into diagnostic test studies, systematic reviews and basic biostatistics is also provided.
All course material is provided on compact discs and through Blackboard (formerly WebCT) via the University of Sydney's website. A detailed series of notes, tutorial exercises and recorded mini-lectures are included in the study material. Students are required to complete one tutorial exercise/assignment each week. Weekly tutorial sessions are held at Westmead Hospital and Sydney Dental Hospital.
Topics covered include epidemiologic study design, measures of disease frequency and association, as well as confounding, bias and measurement error. Considerable attention is paid to critical appraisal of journal articles. An introduction into diagnostic test studies, systematic reviews and basic biostatistics is also provided.
Textbooks
An Introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition. Author: Martin Bland. Publisher: Oxford University Press. Copyright: 2000.
DENT5163 Orthodontics Clinical Training 3
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 4x7hr clinic training and 1x6hr workshop/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5160 and DENT5161) or DENT6226 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to familiarise students with the important aspects of orthodontic clinical set-up and basic clinical skills. Students will be trained to undertake basic clinical procedures, including orthodontic bracket bonding, removable appliance placement and bonded appliances cementation.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5164 Orthodontics Clinical Training 4
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 4x7hr clinic training and 1x6hr workshop/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5160 and DENT5161) or DENT6226 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to further familiarise students with the important aspects of orthodontic clinical set-up and basic clinical skills. Students will be trained to undertake basic clinical procedures, including orthodontic bracket bonding, removable appliance placement and bonded appliances cementation. At this stage, the students also obtain basic skills in proceeding with correct treatment sequences.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5165 Basic Orthodontic Theory
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Prerequisites: DENT5162 or DENT6226 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on fundamental orthodontic theory. The topics in this unit include biomechanics of tooth movement and biomechanical traits of brackets and archwires. Students are required to read and critically review the designated reading and present their views in the tutorials. The students are also required to complete an assignment on a relevant topic and present it during the tutorials.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6010 Dental Research Studies 1
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Professor Greg Murray Session: Semester 2 Classes: Weekly attendance in research seminars (70% attendance required) and 2hr research sessions. Prerequisites: DENT6000 or DENT6126 or DENT6226 or DENT6276 or DENT6326 or DENT6382 Assessment: Assignments (100%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent, Grad Dip Clin Dent (Restorative).
This unit provides the introduction to a research project, including the development of a research proposal and literature review.
DENT5166 Orthodontics Clinical Training 5
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5163 and DENT5164) or DENT6227 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to familiarise students with the important orthodontic techniques including standard Edgewise, basic straight wire techniques (e.g. MBT). Each clinical technique is taught first by typodont simulation and then applied to patients. This Unit also gives the students opportunities to use a variety of bracket types, and practice choosing proper archwires from a wide range of preformed wires. Advanced skills training also covers the knowledge and use of advanced digital imaging systems, such as Dolphin, 3dMD, LaserDenta and their applications in assisting case diagnosis, treatment planning and treatment assessment.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5167 Orthodontics Clinical Training 6
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5163 and DENT5164) or DENT6227 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to familiarise students with the important orthodontic techniques including various straight wire modalities, functional appliances, miniscrew implants. Each clinical technique is taught first by typodont simulation and then applied to patients. This Unit also gives the students opportunities to use a variety of bracket types, especially the self-ligating brackets, and build up their ability to choose proper archwires from a wide range of preformed wires. Advanced skills training also covers the knowledge and use of advanced digital imaging systems in assisting case diagnosis, treatment planning and treatment assessment.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5168 Intermediate Orthodontic Theory
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Prerequisites: DENT5165 or DENT6227 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on fundamental orthodontic theory. The topics in this unit include recent developments on the topics of growth and development, craniofacial anatomy cephalometric analysis, biomechanics of tooth movement, biomechanical traits of brackets and archwires. Students are required to read and critically review the designated reading and present their views in the tutorials. The students are also required to complete an assignment on a relevant topic and present it during the tutorials.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6011 Dental Research Studies 2
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Professor Greg Murray Session: Semester 1 Classes: Weekly attendance in research seminars (70% attendance required) and 6hr research sessions. Prerequisites: DENT6010 or DENT6127 or DENT6227 or DENT6277 or DENT6327 or DENT6386 Assessment: Assignments (100%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit provides continuation of a research project, including the refinement of research methodology and data acquisition.
DENT5169 Orthodontics Clinical Training 7
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5166 and DENT5167) or DENT6228 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to familiarise students with important advanced orthodontic techniques including invisible techniques (e.g. Invisalign and lingual). Each clinical technique is taught first by typodont simulation and then applied to patients. Advanced skills training also covers the further knowledge and use of advanced digital imaging systems in assisting case diagnosis, treatment planning and treatment assessment.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5170 Orthodontics Clinical Training 8
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5166 and DENT5167) or DENT6228 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to teach students how to combine and integrate various orthodontic techniques and apply them to resolving individual problems. The hybrid mechanism, which combines various bracket systems to achieve maximum effects, is also an important treatment philosophy that the students are required to learn and use in clinic.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5171 Advanced Orthodontic Theory
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Prerequisites: DENT5168 or DENT6228 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on advanced orthodontic theory. The topics in this unit include clinical trials and basic studies, narrative and systematic reviews on certain topics about clinical treatment modalities and their effects. This unit exposes students to contemporary developments of orthodontic treatment approaches and the supporting research, to understand the important philosophy of evidence-based orthodontics.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6012 Dental Research Studies 3
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Professor Greg Murray Session: Semester 2 Classes: Weekly attendance in research seminars (70% attendance required) and 6hr research sessions. Prerequisites: DENT6011 or DENT6128 or DENT6228 or DENT6278 or DENT6328 or DENT6393 Assessment: Assignments (100%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit provides continuation of a research project, including the refinement of research methodology and data acquisition.
DENT5172 Orthodontics Clinical Training 9
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5169 and DENT5170) or DENT6229 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to teach students how to combine and integrate various orthodontic techniques and apply them to resolving complicated orthodontic problems. The students are taught to treat malocclusions using various techniques including combined mechanisms consisting of different techniques that are suitable for the specific case. The hybrid mechanism, which combines various bracket systems to achieve maximum effects, is also an important treatment philosophy that the students are required to further learn and use in clinic.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5173 Orthodontics Clinical Training 10
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5169 and DENT5170) or DENT6229 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to teach students how to coordinate and integrate with other dental or surgical specialties for an interdisciplinary approach for the orthodontic patient. Interdisciplinary management with orthognathic surgery is an essential approach that is studied. The students are required to undertake pre and post-operative orthodontic treatment analysis and discuss orthognathic approaches with the surgeon.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5174 Comprehensive Orthodontic Theory 1
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 1 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Prerequisites: DENT5171 or DENT6229 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hrs written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on comprehensive orthodontic theories. These include published studies on combined use of various techniques, and clinical trials that apply newly developed techniques. This unit also emphasises the recent developments of comprehensive orthodontic treatment approaches and the underlying research. This unit further exposes students to contemporary developments of orthodontic treatment approaches and the supporting research, to understand the important philosophy of evidence-based orthodontics.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6013 Dental Research Studies 4
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Professor Greg Murray Session: Semester 1 Classes: Weekly attendance in research seminars (70% attendance required) and 6hr research sessions. Prerequisites: DENT6012 or DENT6129 or DENT6229 or DENT6279 or DENT6329 or DENT6397 Assessment: Assignments (100%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit provides continuation of a research project, including data acquisition and analysis.
DENT5175 Orthodontics Clinical Training 11
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5172 and DENT5173) or DENT6230 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to further teach students how to coordinate and integrate with other dental or surgical specialties for an interdisciplinary approach for the orthodontic patient. Students learn about independently processing the entire course of treatment, including diagnosis and treatment planning and the implementation of specific treatment based on its underlying mechanisms.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5176 Orthodontics Clinical Training 12
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x7hr clinic training/wk. Prerequisites: (DENT5172 and DENT5173) or DENT6230 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Clinical Experience Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is designed to teach students how deal with complicated situations in relation to case completion. The students are required to learn all of the procedures of terminating the treatment, including establishing a proper protocol for retention. They are also required to learn the protocols of case treatment summary and case records archiving.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT5177 Comprehensive Orthodontic Theory 2
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Prof M. Ali Darendeliler Session: Semester 2 Classes: 5x1.5hr morning tutorial/lecture and 5x2hr evening tutorial/lecture /wk Prerequisites: DENT5174 or DENT6230 Assessment: 1x1hr viva (50%) and 1x3hr written exam (50%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit is a series of lectures and daily tutorials on concepts of interactions between orthodontics and other disciplines. These include the reported success in interdisciplinary management of the orthodontic patient, and the appropriate sequences in managing the interdisciplinary team. This unit exposes students to the contemporary developments of orthodontic interdisciplinary approaches and the supporting research, to understand the important philosophy of evidence-based orthodontics.
Textbooks
Notes will be distributed in class.
DENT6014 Dental Research Studies 5
Credit points: 6 Teacher/Coordinator: Professor Greg Murray Session: Semester 2 Classes: Weekly attendance in research seminars (70% attendance required) and 6hr research sessions. Prerequisites: DENT6013 or DENT6130 or DENT6230 or DENT6280 or DENT6330 or DENT6411 Assessment: Treatise examination (100%) Campus: Surry Hills Mode of delivery: Normal (lecture/lab/tutorial) Day Associated degrees: D Clin Dent.
This unit provides continuation of a research project, including data analysis, treatise write-up and submission.
Graduate Certificate students only take the first four Units of Study.
Graduate Diploma students only take the first eight Units of Study.